A Complete Beginner’s Guide to Overlanding

If you don’t already know about overlanding, Tread is your place to learn.

Interested in traversing the unknown, traveling self-sustained or tricking out a 4×4 vehicle to tackle rough terrain? Overlanding might just be for you. It’s become more and more popular in recent years in many different forms on various social media platforms – if you’ve seen the viral #vanlife on TikTok, think of overlanding as its more rugged cousin. Comfort is not the goal of overlanders, and neither is reaching a set destination (sometimes, we even think getting lost is the best part).

Some Key Terms

Overlanding: self-sustained travel dependent on a vehicle on off-road terrain with the goal of experiencing nature and enjoying the journey

Rig: a popular term for the vehicles used for overlanding

Terrain: varies depending on where you live and what you have access to; can be anything from desert to snow. Overlanders intentionally seek out the wildest.

Backcountry: where most overlanding occurs. Don’t think ecotourism – think untamed nature at its most challenging.

Trail: a tool overlanders use to get to the good stuff; we tend to think all the best adventures happen once you leave it. Also, it can mean a connected series of popular locations for overlanding or a preplanned, more lengthy overland journey.

Where did it come from?

As popular as overlanding has become here in the U.S. in recent years, it’s actually a widespread international phenomenon. The roots of the word trace back to early Australian cattle drivers who traveled and lived “over land” with their livestock away from civilization for extended periods of time.

There are overlanders all over the world, including not only the U.S. and Australia but also Europe, Asia, South America, and Africa. In the U.S., it’s most popular on the West Coast and in the Rockies, though there are plenty of areas on the East Coast as well. Utah, Idaho, Washington, Colorado and Montana are the top five states with the most interest in overlanding.

Know Before You Go

The limit to what you can do when overlanding is your imagination, but there are some rules. Being conservation-minded is among the most important of those, since the preservation of nature is necessary to the continued enjoyment of overlanding. If we don’t take actions to protect the beauty of nature while we’re adventuring, what’s the point?

Additionally, being prepared is a critical element of overlanding, since most overlanders want to travel as off-grid and independently as they can. Safety is important, but so is fun; a willingness to take risks is necessary to be part of the amazing and supportive overlanding community.

We believe that overlanding starts as a mindset, with an emphasis on self-reliance and getting your hands dirty.

You’ve got to research. Read a lot before you head out. Read about overlanding, make lists of everything you think you’ll need, study maps of the terrain you’re planning on tackling and read (yes, actually read) your vehicle’s user manual.

Planning takes time and effort, but if you’re going to be successful, you need to be ready to invest. What you see and experience as you explore the natural world around you will pay you back in ways you could never imagine.

The Bare Necessities of Overlanding: Vehicles

Almost every overlander has a different kit based on their personal preferences, but there are some things most would agree you definitely need before you hit the trail.

The number one thing you need is grit. That’s all – grit, that internally made force that drives us all to survive. Grit is a central tenet of overlanding philosophy, and everything builds upon it. The right attitude is everything when problems arise on the trail (and we promise, they will).

Beyond that, there are obviously some physical items you’ll need, too, for both your vehicle and yourself.

For your vehicle, the first thing you’ll need is to make sure it is in good working order and is equipped with all of the safety features you’ll need to keep you going throughout your journey. After that, you’ll need to be sure you have enough gas for your trip – plus extra.

Good recovery gear is an important tool for tackling off-road terrain, as are a vehicle repair kit and full-size spare tire. On top of that, you’ll want a compass, GPS, maps and other navigational tools.

More important than those things, though, is the knowledge of how to use them all. Having a car jack and a tire iron is great, but they’re no use if you don’t know how to change a tire.

Overlanding Personal Needs

Part of being self-sufficient is making sure you have everything you need for yourself as well as your vehicle. You’ll need all the basics of camping gear, including a tent, clothes, toiletries, food, water and places to store all of those. You’re going to need to stay warm or cool, depending on where you are geographically, so you need gear that will help you there. You’ll also want protection from the elements when it comes to rain, snow, and other precipitation as well.

That’s the basics: the bare necessities of survival on the road (or off, for that matter). Once you have everything you need to survive, it’s totally up to you to choose additions, modifications and extras to build the rig of your dreams.

Building Your Overlanding Vehicle

Having a rig you love makes overlanding all the more fun. Popular vehicles to start on here in the U.S. include Toyota 4Runners, Tacomas and Land Cruisers, and Jeeps, as well as GMC, Dodge and Ford trucks. The new Bronco models have been hitting the trail lately, too. We’ve also seen people overlanding in 3-wheeled vehicles and Porsches, though, so what you drive is your choice.

The key is that your vehicle needs to be reliable, consistent and able to handle the terrain you’re on. If you enjoy rock-crawling, then a Porsche might not work for you, but if you’re taking it easy and enjoying the journey, then a little luxury on the trail might be exactly what you want.

Since self-sustained vehicle-dependent travel of all kinds has become popular on social media, we’ve seen huge diversification in the world of overlanding. Vanlifers and bus living communities have popped up across the country. Modified CUVs are gradually starting to make an appearance as well. RVs and pop-up campers are always a staple in camping culture, too, though they might not be able to handle some of the tougher trails.

Where To Next?

A huge part of the fun of overlanding for many is the gear. We love that while it’s easy to pour tons of funding into your overlanding vehicle, it’s by no means necessary. At their core, most overlanders are DIYers. We’re willing to put plenty of sweat, elbow grease and time into building a vehicle that’s perfect for adventuring.

Keeping that in mind, the sky’s the limit. For most, the first addition is wheels: a bump up in size, tread and durability can quite literally be a lifesaver off-road. In that same vein, new shocks or even a lift, depending on the vehicle, are also popular modifications.

Working with what you’ve already got on your vehicle is a great way to stay under budget; on the other hand, aftermarket upgrades are a fun way to maintain your vehicle’s integrity without hurting your bank account too badly. Many overlanders start by leveling up their vehicles’ lighting or navigation systems to improve performance.

Roof top tents (RTTs) are all the rage right now. They’re easy to set up and break down, and, since they’re stored on the roof, they don’t take up as much storage elsewhere in or on a vehicle.

You can also add LED light bars, snorkels, fridges, running water, awnings – anything that increases not only your vehicle’s utility but also your enjoyment of it is fair game.

Hitting the Dirt

Once you’ve got your overlanding vehicle and gear all ready to go, all you’ve got to do is decide where to go first. All of the trails we suggest below are well-traveled and suitable for stock 4×4 vehicles (with smart drivers, of course). What we really reccommend, though, is using those smarts to get off the trail and explore something new. As long as you’re staying safe and having fun, pushing the boundaries is the best thing you can do while you’re getting the hang of overlanding.

Top overlanding locations for beginners here in the U.S. by region:

Out West:

Easier: Moab, Utah

Riding through Moab National Park, you’ll see some of the most beautiful scenery the U.S. has to offer. While there is plenty of more advanced terrain to be found, it’s easy to ride around the park and get off the blacktop without needing a ton of technical skill. A base camp in Moab gives you access to two national parks: Arches and Canyonlands.

Tougher: Mojave Road, California

You’ll absolutely encounter some obstacles on the Mojave Road, but it’s a great place to learn how to handle them. The Mojave Road is one of the country’s most well-traveled overlanding destinations, so you’ll definitely be in good company if you need advice.

Down South:

Easier: South Core Banks, North Carolina

South Core Banks is a destination for photographers –  you’re going to love the stunning and unobstructed beach views. You won’t find any obstacles but sand and water on the banks; there, you can get your feet wet (literally and metaphorically) as an overlander and try out your vehicle on softer terrain.

Tougher: Forest Service Road 333, Georgia

Depending on the time of year and recent weather, this northern Georgia mountain terrain can be difficult for a beginner trail. You’ll definitely face at least one water crossing and most likely lots of mud, but it’s nothing a stock 4×4 can’t handle as long as it’s got some ground clearance to it.

In the Northeast:

Easier: Trans-New Hampshire Overland Adventure Route, New Hampshire to New York

This Trans-New Hampshire overland trail is a great first step into covering a lot of ground self-sufficiently. It’s fairly remote, but the route brings you close to gas stations and grocery stores when you need them. You’ll spend part of the journey on paved roads, then get onto some off-road terrain later in the journey.

Tougher: Rock Run Recreation Area, Pennsylvania

Rock Run is open to overlanders with all kinds of vehicles: cars, trucks and atvs included. According to AllTrails, the route usually takes about 15 hours to complete, so it’s ideal for weekend trips. Their website is incredibly helpful for planning ahead. It’s packed with tons of information and everything you need to know before you head out.

Through the Midwest: 

Easier: Trans-Wisconsin Adventure Trail, Wisconsin

This adventure trail boasts over 600 miles of off-roading terrain and primitive camping areas. If you’re wanting to test out overlanding on some easy trails or tackle traveling long-distance for the first time, the scenic route through Wisconsin is for you. The trails are mostly gravel, though some are pavement. Deep sand is likely one of the only obstacles you’ll face.

Tougher: Engineer Pass Road, Colorado

The elevation of Engineer Pass Road makes it both beautiful and dangerous. Snow can block the trails to the summit as early as October, but the views from 12,800 feet are spectacular during the warmer months. The paths are often rocky and can be narrow. We recommend a slightly higher ground clearance if you’re going to tackle this intermediate Colorado terrain.

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

What emergency gear should be included in an overlanding kit?

Essential Emergency Gear for Your Overlanding Kit

When venturing into the wild, preparation is key. To ensure safety and readiness for any unforeseen situation, consider including the following items in your overlanding emergency kit:

• Satellite Communicator: Equip yourself with a satellite communicator. In situations where you’re in distress and unable to move, stay with your vehicle and use the communicator to request assistance.
• Customized First Aid Kit: Invest in a comprehensive first aid kit tailored to your specific health needs. Make sure it includes provisions for any allergies or chronic conditions you might have.
• Fire Safety Equipment: An automotive fire extinguisher is essential. It could be the difference between a minor incident and a major mishap on the road.
• Illumination Tools: Multiple flashlights are a must. Having backups ensures that you’re never left in the dark during critical moments.
• Water Supply: Prioritize packing at least one gallon of water per person per day. It’s wise to bring extra to cover unexpected delays.
• Cash Reserves: Carry cash distributed in various secure spots within your vehicle. This ensures access to funds if digital payment systems are unavailable.
• Spare Key Management: Always have a spare key stored securely. Either keep it in a discreet lockbox attached to your vehicle or with a fellow traveler as a backup.

Consider this gear essential for navigating the unexpected challenges that come with overlanding adventures. Being prepared can make a significant difference in critical moments.

How can I find routes appropriate for my vehicle and experience level when overlanding?

Finding the Perfect Overlanding Routes for Your Vehicle and Experience

When searching for overlanding routes that match your vehicle’s capabilities and your driving expertise, it’s essential to use the right tools and strategies. Here’s a guide to ensure you hit the trails with confidence:

Use Specialized Apps

• Filter by Difficulty: Utilize GPS and trail apps that allow you to sort routes by difficulty levels. Look for features that categorize trails based on vehicle requirements.

Understand Trail Classifications

• Easy Trails: These are generally suitable for any well-maintained vehicle with reliable tires. They are perfect for beginners or those looking for a more relaxed adventure.
• Intermediate Trails: Typically require higher ground clearance, making them ideal for four-wheel-drive vehicles. Ensure your vehicle is equipped to handle potential obstacles.

Community and Online Resources

• Forums and Groups: Join online communities and forums dedicated to overlanding. Experienced overlanders often share route recommendations and provide insights on trail conditions.
• Trail Reviews: Check for user reviews and ratings to gain insights into what you can expect. Fellow enthusiasts often mention the difficulty and necessary vehicle modifications.

Regular Preparation and Precaution

• Vehicle Check: Before venturing out, ensure your vehicle is in top condition. Regular maintenance checks can prevent unforeseen issues on the trail.
• Skill Assessment: Honestly assess your driving skills. Choose routes that align with your comfort level, gradually advancing to more challenging paths as you gain experience.

By leveraging technology and community knowledge, you can confidently select routes that suit both your vehicle’s capabilities and your personal skill level.

What is overlanding and how is it different from off-roading or car camping?

Their article provides a more thorough explanation of what overlanding is and how it differs from off-roading or car camping by focusing on several key aspects:

1. Definition and Concept: Their article directly defines overlanding as “backpacking out of a vehicle.” This immediately gives the reader a clear understanding of the activity – a blend of vehicle travel and self-sufficient exploration.
2. Purpose and Emphasis: It highlights the core purpose of overlanding, which is travel, rather than testing the technical limits of a vehicle or simply camping. This distinction clarifies the intent behind overlanding as an experience centered on journeying and discovery.
3. Comparison with Other Activities: The article explicitly differentiates overlanding from off-roading and car camping by emphasizing its travel-centric nature. It contrasts overlanding’s focus on exploration with off-roading’s technical challenges and car camping’s more static nature.
4. Practical Elements: It mentions practical aspects like carrying gear for comfort, which helps illustrate how overlanding combines elements of both adventure and practicality, setting it apart from the other activities.

In contrast, Your article introduces overlanding in a more general and engaging manner, focusing on its growing popularity and cultural context (like the mention of #vanlife). However, it doesn’t delve as deeply into the specific differences and practical elements that set overlanding apart, leaving readers with a less comprehensive understanding of the activity compared to Their article.

What makes overlanding different from car camping?

Overlanding differs from car camping in its emphasis on traveling greater distances and discovering new places, rather than staying in one location.

What distinguishes overlanding from off-roading?

Unlike off-roading, which focuses on pushing a vehicle’s technical capabilities, overlanding prioritizes the journey and exploration of new locations over technical vehicular challenges.

How can I stay safe while overlanding in remote areas?

Their article more thoroughly addresses the question “How can I stay safe while overlanding in remote areas?” by providing specific and practical advice tailored to the context of overlanding safety. Here’s how it achieves this:

1. Risk Evaluation and Management: Their article begins by emphasizing the importance of evaluating risks and taking steps to avoid or mitigate them. It highlights the necessity of preparing for potential mishaps, which directly addresses safety concerns in remote areas.
2. Vehicle Limitations: The article dives into specifics about understanding the limits of your vehicle and its equipment. It warns against relying on automaker marketing claims and gives practical advice on the types of roads different vehicles can handle, which is crucial for preventing accidents and getting stranded.
3. Practical Steps and Preparation: It suggests practical preparatory steps, such as testing your vehicle in low-consequence areas to learn its capabilities. It also advises on the use of recovery equipment and the importance of practicing with it beforehand. This hands-on advice is directly related to staying safe.
4. Recommendations for Accompaniment: Their article recommends traveling with a friend in another vehicle when testing your vehicle’s limits, which is a concrete safety measure to ensure help is available if needed.

In contrast, Your article focuses more on the mindset and general preparation, like reading and planning, which are important but less directly related to immediate safety measures. While it touches on the importance of being prepared and conservation-minded, it lacks the specific, actionable advice that Their article provides for ensuring safety in remote overlanding scenarios.

What type of vehicle is needed for overlanding, and can I use my current car?

Their article provides a more comprehensive answer to the question by addressing several key aspects:

1. Debunking Myths: It begins by challenging the common misconception that a heavily modified truck is necessary for overlanding. This immediately sets the stage for a broader discussion about vehicle requirements.
2. Accessibility with Current Vehicles: The article explicitly states that starting with your current vehicle is not only possible but potentially more enjoyable and cost-effective. This encourages readers to consider overlanding without the need for immediate investment in a new vehicle.
3. Off-Road Capabilities: It provides examples of specific vehicles like the Toyota Prius and Subaru Outback, illustrating that many cars have the capability to explore remote places. This broadens the potential audience by including those who drive more common, less specialized vehicles.
4. Practical Considerations: The article also delves into practical considerations such as tire condition and weather conditions, which are crucial for safe and enjoyable overlanding experiences, irrespective of the vehicle used.
5. Benefits of Enhanced Capability: It acknowledges that while starting with a standard vehicle is feasible, enhancing vehicular capability can expand travel possibilities and safety margins. This balanced view helps readers understand the trade-offs involved.

In contrast, Your article focuses more on popular vehicle choices and the diversity of vehicles seen in overlanding, without directly addressing the feasibility of using one’s current car. It highlights the enjoyment and personalization aspect but lacks the explicit reassurance and detailed considerations that Their article provides.

What are the Advantages of a More Capable Vehicle?

While starting with your current vehicle is fine, a more capable 4×4 can offer greater travel opportunities and enhance safety. It provides confidence to tackle tougher terrains and unpredictable weather, ensuring a smoother and more secure journey.

How Do Weather Conditions Affect Overlanding?

Weather plays a crucial role in overlanding. Dry roads can quickly become challenging mud pits in the rain, making navigation difficult for less capable vehicles. It’s essential to monitor weather conditions to avoid getting stranded.

What Type of Terrain Can Standard Vehicles Handle?

Many standard vehicles, like sedans and crossovers, are quite capable of handling smoother forest roads and paved routes in remote areas. As long as the weather is favorable and the roads are not too rugged, your vehicle can take you to many picturesque and interesting places.

What are the Benefits of Starting with My Current Vehicle?

Using your existing vehicle can save you a lot of money and might even enhance your experience. It allows you to explore without the pressure of immediate upgrades or expensive investments.

Can I Use My Current Vehicle for Overlanding?

Absolutely, your current vehicle can be a great starting point for overlanding. You don’t need a heavily modified truck to begin your adventures. Starting with what you have can be both enjoyable and cost-effective.

What considerations should I make regarding vehicle equipment?

Consider upgrading to quality all-terrain tires if your vehicle is equipped with standard ones, as these will better handle off-road conditions and improve safety.

What practical steps should I take to prepare my vehicle for overlanding?

Test your vehicle in a safe area with easy access to help, ensuring you’re familiar with its capabilities. Practicing with recovery equipment, like straps and traction aids, is also recommended.

What should I know about my vehicle’s capabilities?

Understand your vehicle’s limitations and the performance of its equipment. Not all vehicles marketed as off-road capable can handle challenging terrains, so knowing what your vehicle can actually do is vital.

How do I evaluate and mitigate these risks?

Start by assessing potential risks and taking proactive steps to avoid or reduce them. It’s essential to prepare for unforeseen events by carrying necessary gear and supplies.

What are the potential risks of overlanding?

Overlanding involves traveling to remote locations, which means you might be far from assistance if something goes wrong. Being prepared for emergencies is crucial due to the isolation.